Unique Culture of India : Customs & Indian Traditions

Indian culture is full of several unique customs and traditions, which outsiders might find interesting. Most of these originate from the Ancient Indian scriptures and texts, which have dictated the way of life in India for thousands of years. Indian culture and traditions are something which has now become renowned all across the world.  We all refer to customs and traditions of India as something very diverse and unique. But seldom do we give a thought to why things are done in certain specific ways.

Here are 16 fascinating Indian Culture, Traditions and customs

1. Greeting – The Namaste

The Namaste, or namaskar, or ‘namaskar’ is one of the five forms of traditional greetings mentioned in the ancient Hindu scriptures, the Vedas. Greeting one another by the folded palms placed before the chest. The word Namaste can also be translated as ‘na ma’ (not mine), to signify the reductions of one’s ego in the presence of the other.

2.Festivals & Religion – Always a Festive Season

India also sees a large number of festivals, mainly because of the prevalence of diverse religions and groups. The Muslims celebrate Eid, the Christians have Christmas and good Friday, the Sikhs have Baisakhi (harvesting of crop), and the birthdays of their Gurus and the Hindus have Diwali, Holi, Makar Sakranti, the Jains have Mahavir Jayanti, the Buddhists celebrate the Buddha’s birthday on Buddha Poornima, and quite honestly, the number is endless. All of these translate to holidays in our book, of course.

3. Family Structure – Joint Families
4. In India, there exists the concept of a joint family, wherein the entire family (parents, wife, children and in some cases, relatives) all live together. This is mostly because of the cohesive nature of the Indian society, and also reportedly helps in handling pressure and stress.

4. Symbols – Fasting

Fasting is an integral part of Hindu Culture. Fasts or Vrats or Upvas are a way to represent your sincerity and resolve, or express your gratitude to the Gods and Goddesses.  People throughout the country observe fasts during various religious occasions.

5 Religious Customs – Holy Cow

Cow, in the Indian culture, is considered to be a Holy animal. She is worshipped as a maternal figure and is a depiction of the bounty of Mother Earth. Lord Krishna, who grew up as cow herder is often depicted as playing his flute among cows and Gopis (milkmaids) dancing to his tunes. Interestingly, Lord Krishna is also known by the name of ‘Govinda’ or ‘Gopala’, which translates to the ‘friend and protector of cow’. Hence, cows have an auspicious significance in Indian Culture and religion.
Even Lord Shiva’s trusted vehicle is Nandi- the sacred bull.

6. Architecture – The Science Behind Temples

Most temples are located along magnetic wave lines of the Earth, which help in maximising the available positive energy. The copper plate (called Garbhagriha or Moolasthan) buried under the main idol absorbs and resonates this energy to its surroundings. Going to the temple often helps in having a positive mind and garnering positive energies, which in turn lead to healthier functioning.It is also a practice to take off footwear before entering places of worship because they would bring in the dirt to an otherwise cleansed and sanctified environment.

7. Marriage – Arranged Marriage System

The concept of arranged marriage in India traces its origin to as early as the Vedic times. Even today, the concept of arranged marriage remains a favourite among Indians and is an integral part of ‘Indian Traditions’.

8. Religious Symbols

The Indian traditions and scriptures contain various signs and symbols which have multiple meanings. For example, the usage of the Swastika is the symbol of Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles. The arms of the Swastika have various meanings. They signify the four Vedas, the four constellations, or the four primary aims of human pursuit.

9. Traditions and Customs – Atithi Devo Bhavah

In India, the saying ‘Atithi Devo Bhavah’ is also integral. It means ‘the guest is equivalent to god’. It is a Sanskrit verse taken from the Hindu scriptures, which later became a part of the ‘Code of conduct for Hindu society since the guest has always been of supreme importance in the Culture of India.

10. Dresses of India – Indian Ethnic Wear

Indian women are often seen sporting ‘saris’. The sari is a single cloth and needs no stitching; it is easy to make and comfortable to wear, and also adheres to religious etiquette. It initially started as a Hindu tradition but has very elegantly spread across all religions. The same applies to the more functional ‘Kurta-Pyjama’, and the formal wear of ‘Sherwani’ for Indian men of all faiths.

11. Indian Dances

India is a land of ‘unity in diversity’, and our dances are no different. Different forms of dance(classified as folk or classical) find origin from different parts of the country, and they are a way of representation of the particular culture from which they originate. Eight classical dances, which are classified as Indian classical dances and find a mention in the Hindu Sanskrit text ‘Natyashashtra’, (a text of performing arts) are:

• Bharatnatyam from Tamil Nadu
• Kathakali from Kerela
• Kathak from North, West and Central India
• Mohiniyattam from Kerela
• Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh
• Oddisi from Odhisa
• Manipuri from Manipur
• Sattriya from Assam

 12. Cuisine – Indian Food

Indian food and cuisine not only form an integral part of the culture of India but are also one of the critical factors of India’s popularity worldwide. The style of cooking varies from region to region, though unanimously, Indian food has a significant reputation for its extensive use of spices and herbs. Just like dances, religious practices, language and clothes, you will also find a wide variety of food throughout the country. Almost every region is known for a signature dish or ingredient.
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13. Scriptures – Epics

Indian literature can be traced back in the great epics written in the form of poems, plays, stories, and even self-help guides. The most famous Hindu epics are Ramayana and Mahabharata. Mahabharata, by Ved Vyasa, is the longest poem written in Sanskrit. Both these epics are written in order to highlight human values of sacrifice, loyalty, devotion and truth. The moral of both stories signify the triumph of good over evil.

14. Indian Martial Arts

India is home to quite a few unique styles of martial arts, some of which have ancient origins. While some martial art forms require the use of weaponry, some don’t. Mainly used for combat, some martial art forms are also used for healing. In today’s times, these martial art forms are popular as self-defence techniques and even fitness.

15. Eating with Hands

Eating with hands may not sound great to many people. However, it has many benefits. Fingers being heat receptors, they prevent your mouth from burning when the hot food is put inside. You get to check the temperature before eating the food. Other than that, you tend to eat slower when you dine with hands ” this aids in digestion. Traditionally, the right side is used to eat, and the left hand is considered to be dirty. One must thoroughly wash his/her hands with soap and water before eating. This practice makes the eating process very hygienic.

16. Languages

India is socially, culturally, and linguistically very diverse. Hindi and English are widely spoken and recognised for official purposes. Other than than, there are 22 scheduled languages recognised by the constitution of India. However, more than 400 languages and dialects in India are still not known. Dialects change even with a few kilometres of travel in the state. Over the years, about 190 languages have become endangered due to very few surviving speakers.

There exist thousands of traditions and culture in India, and quite a few of them would leave outsiders rather curious. But the crux of Indian society and culture has always been to be well mannered, polite, respect others, and progress together.

credit:kaveesh Nair